Citer :
The Nabateans are most likely of the same ethnic origin as other peoples of Arabia, and their modern descendants are either labelled Arabs or Bedouins.
Réf. Encyclopaedia of the orient
http://i-cias.com/e.o/nabateans.htmCiter :
Other deities were Atagatis, the fertility goddess; the moon god Allat; Manat, god of fate, Uzza, god of water. The three latter would survive in Arabian religions long enough to be mentioned in the Koran
Idem
Citer :
Most scholars are of the opinion that the Nabateans are tribe of Arabian stock. In the Aramaic language, which they used since the dawn of their history, they were named Nabatu, Nabateans. In Greek sources they were named Nabataioi or Arabes, Arabians, or both, perhaps pointing to their Arabian origin.
http://www.nabateans.org/history.htmCiter :
The verb nabata and the name deriving from it, mean "a man who digs for water", which explains their special quality among other Arabian tribes who lived in the desert
Idem.
Effectivement, la racine NBT (T, fort). En arabe veut dire extraire, d'où "istinbatt" (= déduction).Citer :
The southernmost district was that of northern Arabia. Its capital was Egra, or Hagra, meaning 'rock' in Arabic.
Idem
Hegra vient de l'arabe "Al Hidjr" : "pierre dans l'arabe du nord, rock dans le sudarabique.
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By the third century C.E. the Nabateans lost their Aramaic language to Greek, and by the forth century the lost their pagan Semitic religion to Christianity.
Idem
L'auteur confirme l'utilisation de l'araméen (que personne ne conteste) et le fait qu'il soit abandonné (l'araméen) pour le grec prouve que ce n'était que la lingua franca utilisée. abandonnée pour une langue devenue plus "internationale"
Pour les références de cet auteur israëlien :http://www.nabateans.org/bio.htmCiter :
Before Alexander’s conquest, a thriving new civilization had emerged in southern Jordan. It appears that a nomadic tribe known as the Nabateans began migrating gradually from Arabia during the sixth century BCE. Over time, they abandoned their nomadic ways and settled in a number of places in southern Jordan, the Naqab desert in Palestine, and in northern Arabia
http://www.kinghussein.gov.jo/his_nabateans.htmlCiter :
We still know comparatively little about Nabatean society. However, we do know that they spoke a dialect of Arabic and later on adopted Aramaic.
Idem
Citer :
The Nabatean-Arabs who dominated the lands of the Arabian Deserts during pre-Roman times built their city on top of an old Iron Age Edomites setelment.
http://www.acacialand.com/spirit.htmlCiter :
About 300 years before Christ, an Arab tribe of merchants moved out of the deserts of Arabia into the ancient land of Edom
http://www.nabataea.net/nab1.htmlCiter :
Written records of the Nabataean kingdom are sparse as there are only a few surviving documents and scattered inscriptions and graffiti. This also is strange, as the thousands of graffiti carved onto rocks and canyon walls clearly demonstrate that almost every Nabataean could read and write; even the shepherds. So, why not write their history?
Très bonne question.
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Language specialists tell us that Nabataean names were Arab names, their language was old Arabic, and that they seem to be found from the borders of Iraq to the depths of the Arabian desert.
Citer :
The Nabataean language is closely related to old Arabic
http://www.nabataea.net/write.htmlTu constateras que l'auteur a un répertoire des graphitis nabatéens. Donc, il ne pars pas de rienCiter :
GraffitiThere are many things that archeologists have learned from Nabataean graffiti. They have developed a database of as much graffiti as possible and now they are beginning to compare the various messages that have been scratched in stone.
Réf. Idem
From this database, they have been able to compare the various Nabataean names. Since they are working with over 20,000 pieces of graffiti, popular names can be discovered, as well as patterns of names dealing with gods, events, and locations
Citer :
Numerous Nabataean inscriptions have been found in the vicinity of the copper smelting site at Wadi Nasb. There the name Waqilu is quite common, meaning steward, manager, or deputy
Dans la langue sudarabique WQL ou Wq'l (pluriel aqyal) est un gouverneur d'une province
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For instance, Nashgu is a common name, meaning weaver, and Shumrahu means branch of a palm tree laden with dates.
Shumroukh est encore utilisé de nos jours dans les oasis du sud-algérien
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Another god was 'Allah (perhaps a later expression of Allat). This was sometimes written as 'Illah. Some of the Nabataean names were: 'Aush'allah (Allah's faith), 'Amat-'allahi (she is a servant of Allah), Hab-allahi (beloved of Allah), Han-allahi (Allah is gracious), Abd'allah (slave of God), and Shalm-lahi (Allah is peace). The name Wahab-allah is found throughout the entire Nabataean region and means gift of Allah.
http://www.nabataea.net/write3.htmlCiter :
In his book on the Nabataeans, Doctor Negev of the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey suggested that the Nabataeans might have written in two different languages. He felt that the Nabataean inscriptions were all basically religious in nature, engraved by pilgrims visiting religious centers. Detailed funerary texts do not express grief but are legal documents. For example, one inscription found near the city of Oboda in the Negev mentions King Obodas as 'Obodas the god'. Garm'alahi son of Taym'alahi dedicates the setting up a statute to him and then added to the Nabataean text he gives an explanation in Arabic why he made the dedication. It reads as follows: "For Obodas works without rewards or favor, and when death tried to claim us, when a wound of ours festered, he did not let us perish." Why did the inscriber change the language of the inscription? The dedication is in Nabataean, the explanation in another s*c*r*i*p*t*. Was the Nabataean s*c*r*i*p*t* reserved for religious and legal purposes?
La langue vernaculaire a tjrs été un ancien dialect arabe
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During the time of the Nabataeans, there were only a few people who spoke Arabic. This was what is now termed as "Old Arabic" and varied from location to location. While spoken Arabic dialects varied considerably, written forms of early Arabic differ dramatically. Entirely different scripts were used in southern Arabia, and so historians today often refuse to classify all of these languages under the heading "Arabic."
http://www.nabataea.net/The Nabateans builders of petra, Dan GibsonZunkir a écrit :Citer :
Wikipedia est un site se basant sur une bonne idée, mais les articles sont tributaires du savoir des intervenants (et sur l'Orient Ancien il y a parfois des énormités qui sont écrites).
Alors voilà ce que dit wikipedia, aussi :
Citer :
Starcky [1] identifies the Nabatu of southern Arabia as their ancestors. However different groups amongst the Nabateans wrote their names in slightly different ways, consequently archeologists are reluctant to say that they were all the same tribe, or that any one group is the original Nabataeans [5].
Lis un peu aussi ça :
http://www.nabataea.net/La%20pr%E9sence%20Nabat%E9enne%20en%20M%E9diterran%E9e.pdf
To be continued ...
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